| inoa mea kūʻai | Paipu kila maʻemaʻe |
| Material/Papa | GR.B,X42,X46,X52,X56,X60,X70,ASTM A106B, S275JRH,S275JOH,STPG370 |
| Kūlana | API, ASTM A530, ASTM A179/192/252 ASTM A53/A106 |
| Anawaena waho (OD) | 13.1mm-660mm |
| mānoanoa | 2mm-80mm |
| Ka lōʻihi | 1mm-12m, Ka lōʻihi paʻa, ka lōʻihi maʻamau a i ʻole e like me ka makemake |
| Hoao | ʻIkepili Huina Kemika, ʻAno Mechanical, Pono ʻenehana, Nui o waho, Hoʻāʻo ʻole |
| Pono | Kumukūʻai hoʻokūkū, hōʻoia maikaʻi, manawa hāʻawi pōkole, lawelawe kiʻekiʻe, liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi |
| ʻenehana | Paʻa i ʻōwili ʻia |
| Kūlana | ASTM JIS GB EN |
| Palapala noi | Kūkulu, ʻOihana, Hoʻonani a me nā meaʻai etc. |
| Hoolako Mahina | 5000 Tona |
| Manawa Hoʻouna | 7-10 mau lā hana ma hope o ka waiho ʻana |
| Pūʻolo | ʻO ka pahu/Pallet a i ʻole nā mea hoʻoiho ʻē aʻe i kūpono no ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi mamao |
ʻO ka paipu i kauoha ʻia ma lalo o kēia kikoʻī no nā paipu paipu kahi e hana ai ka pahu kila ma ke ʻano he lālā lawe haʻahaʻa mau, a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he pūpū e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi pahu.
| Nā Koina Tensile | |||
|
| Papa 1 | Papa 2 | Papa 3 |
| Ka ikaika uʻi, min, psi (MPa) | 50 000 (345) | 60 000 (415) | 66 000 (455) |
| Ka helu hua a i ʻole ka ikaika hua, min, psi(MPa) | 30 000 (205) | 35 000 (240) | 45 000 (310) |
| ʻO ka elongation haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka mānoanoa o ka paia %6 inika (7.9 mm) a ʻoi aku paha;Elongation ma 8 iniha (203.2 mm), min, %Elongation ma 2 iniha (50.8 mm), min, % |
18 30 |
14 25 |
... 20 |
| No ka mānoanoa pā nominal emi ma lalo o %6 in. (7.9 mm), ka hoemi ana mai ka kumu palena iki elongation ma 2 in. (50.08 mm) no kela a me keia Vzi - in (0.8 mm) emi i ka nominal pā mānoanoa ma lalo o %6 in. (7.9 mm), inhelu pākēneka | 1.5A | 1.25A | 1.0A... |
Hāʻawi ka Papa 2 i nā waiwai liʻiliʻi i helu ʻia:
| Heluhelu ʻia ka liʻiliʻi loa elongation waiwai | ||||
| Mānoanoa pā inoa | Elongation ma 2 iniha (50.8 mm), min, % | |||
| i loko. | mm. | Papa 1 | Papa 2 | Papa 3 |
| 5/16（0.312） | 7.9 | 30.00 | 25.00 | 20.00 |
| 9/32（0.281） | 7.1 | 28.50 | 23.75 | 19.00 |
| 1/4（0.25） | 6.4 | 27.00 | 22.50 | 18.00 |
| 7/32（0.219） | 5.6 | 25.50 | 21.25 | 17.00 |
| 3/16（0.188） | 4.8 | 24.00 | 20.00 | 26.00 |
| 11/6（0.172） | 4.4 | 23.25 | 19.50 | 15.50 |
| 5/32（0.156） | 4.0 | 22.50 | 18.75 | 15.00 |
| 9/64（0.141） | 3.6 | 21.75 | 18.25 | 14.50 |
| 1/8（0.125） | 3.2 | 21.00 | 17.50 | 14.00 |
| 7/64（0.109） | 2.8 | 20.25 | 16.75 | 13.50 |
| Hāʻawi ka papa ma luna i nā helu elongation liʻiliʻi i helu ʻia no nā mānoanoa pā i koho ʻia.Ma kahi o ka mānoanoa o ka paia i kuhikuhi ʻia ma waena o nā mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, e hoʻoholo ʻia ka waiwai elongation haʻahaʻa penei:Papa:1 E=48t+15.002 E=40t+12.50E=32t+10.00 ma hea: E = elongation ma 2 in., %, a t = mānoanoa pā i koho ʻia, in. | ||||
